280 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
280 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
# OS-10: Application Installation Requirements
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Status: not started
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Domain:
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- 1.0 Operating Systems
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Objective alignment:
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- 1.10 Application installation requirements
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## What You Need To Know
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Application install questions are usually about compatibility and impact.
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Before installing or upgrading software, check:
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- OS compatibility
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- 32-bit vs. 64-bit requirements
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- CPU requirements
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- RAM requirements
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- Storage requirements
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- Graphics/GPU/VRAM requirements
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- External hardware token requirements
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- Distribution method
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- Impact to the device, network, operations, and business
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## Memory Trick
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Use **O-CRaSH-G-DIB**:
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- **O**S compatibility
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- **C**PU
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- **Ra**M
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- **S**torage
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- **H**ardware token
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- **G**raphics/GPU
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- **D**istribution method
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- **I**mpact
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- **B**usiness risk
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If the app will not install or runs badly, think:
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- Wrong OS
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- Wrong architecture
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- Not enough RAM/storage
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- Missing GPU/VRAM
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- Missing driver
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- Missing hardware token
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- Bad source or corrupted installer
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## Platform and Architecture
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32-bit vs. 64-bit:
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- A 32-bit OS cannot run 64-bit apps.
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- A 64-bit OS can usually run many 32-bit apps.
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- 64-bit Windows uses:
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- `C:\Program Files` for 64-bit apps
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- `C:\Program Files (x86)` for 32-bit apps
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Driver compatibility:
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- Drivers are OS-specific and architecture-specific.
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- A driver for the wrong Windows version or architecture may fail.
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## Hardware Requirements
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CPU:
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- Some apps require a minimum CPU generation, speed, or instruction set.
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RAM:
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- Apps may install but perform poorly if RAM is too low.
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Storage:
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- Check both install size and working data size.
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- Some apps need much more space after install.
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Graphics:
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- Integrated graphics shares system memory.
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- Dedicated/discrete GPU has its own VRAM.
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- High-end apps may require dedicated GPU and minimum VRAM.
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External hardware tokens:
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- Some professional software requires a USB license dongle or hardware security key.
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- If the token is missing, the software may not run.
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## Distribution Methods
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Download:
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- Get from vendor or trusted app store.
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- Avoid random third-party download sites.
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Physical media:
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- USB or optical disc.
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- Less common now, but still possible.
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ISO:
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- Disk image file.
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- Can be mounted by the OS and used like a virtual disc.
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Image deployment:
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- Installs a prepared system image, often with OS, drivers, and apps included.
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- Common in business and virtual machine deployments.
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Package managers:
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- Linux examples: `apt`, `dnf`.
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- Windows examples: Microsoft Store, winget in some environments.
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## Impact Questions
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Impact to device:
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- App may slow the computer, break existing apps, overwrite files, or require reboot.
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Impact to network:
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- App may need internal services, firewall exceptions, bandwidth, or file share permissions.
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Impact to operations:
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- A workflow may change after an upgrade.
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- A time-sensitive job may be interrupted.
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Impact to business:
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- Critical applications can affect revenue, customer service, compliance, or production.
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Exam shortcut:
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- If the app affects business-critical work, test first, schedule downtime, communicate, and have rollback.
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## Commands To Enter
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Windows:
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```powershell
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systeminfo
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows OS, architecture, CPU, memory, and system details.
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```powershell
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wmic os get osarchitecture
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows whether Windows is 32-bit or 64-bit.
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```powershell
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Get-ComputerInfo | Select-Object OsName, OsArchitecture, CsProcessors, CsTotalPhysicalMemory
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```
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What it does:
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- PowerShell summary of OS name, architecture, CPU, and RAM.
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```powershell
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Get-Volume
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows volume/file-system information and free space.
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```powershell
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winget --version
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows whether Windows Package Manager is installed and its version.
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```powershell
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Get-AppxPackage | Select-Object -First 5 Name, Version
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows installed Microsoft Store/UWP-style app package names and versions.
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Linux:
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```bash
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uname -m
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows system architecture, such as `x86_64`.
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```bash
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lscpu
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows CPU details.
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```bash
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free -h
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows memory usage in human-readable units.
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```bash
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df -h
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows filesystem free space.
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```bash
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which apt
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which dnf
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```
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What it does:
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- Checks whether `apt` or `dnf` package manager commands exist.
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macOS, if available:
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```bash
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sw_vers
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uname -m
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system_profiler SPHardwareDataType
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```
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What it does:
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- Shows macOS version, architecture, and hardware summary.
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## Mini Lab
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Goal:
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- Decide whether a computer can run a hypothetical app.
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Hypothetical app requirements:
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- 64-bit OS
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- 8 GB RAM
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- 20 GB free storage
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- Modern CPU
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- Dedicated GPU preferred
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- Internet download from vendor site
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Windows:
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1. Run `systeminfo`.
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2. Run `wmic os get osarchitecture`.
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3. Run `Get-Volume`.
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4. Optional: run `winget --version`.
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5. Record:
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- OS:
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- Architecture:
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- RAM:
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- Free storage:
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- CPU:
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- Package manager available:
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- Meets requirements? Why or why not?
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Linux:
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1. Run `cat /etc/os-release`.
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2. Run `uname -m`.
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3. Run `lscpu`.
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4. Run `free -h`.
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5. Run `df -h`.
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6. Run `which apt` and `which dnf`.
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7. Record:
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- Distribution:
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- Architecture:
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- RAM:
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- Free storage:
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- CPU:
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- Package manager:
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- Meets requirements? Why or why not?
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macOS, if available:
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1. Run `sw_vers`.
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2. Run `uname -m`.
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3. Run `system_profiler SPHardwareDataType`.
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4. Record:
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- macOS version:
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- Architecture:
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- RAM:
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- CPU/chip:
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- Meets requirements? Why or why not?
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## Quick Check Before Quiz
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You are ready for the OS-10 quiz when you can answer these without looking:
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- Can a 32-bit OS run a 64-bit application?
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- Which folder holds 32-bit apps on 64-bit Windows?
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- What is an ISO?
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- Why does VRAM matter?
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- Why should business impact be checked before app updates?
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